The appearance of Tatyana's Day was directly related to students, the fact is that Elizabeth was the first to sign a decree in 1755 that a new large university called "Mokovsky" would appear in the country. This event fell on the twenty-fifth day of the month of January, so to this day the tradition of celebrating Tatyana's day on this particular date has been preserved.
If we consider modern history, we can see that Tatyana's Day is called in Russia, it is customary to celebrate this event throughout the country, in addition, the president of the country personally issued a decree that the 25th remains a great date, this decree was officially adopted in two thousand and five , and a couple of years later, V.V. Putin signed a law stating that Tatyana's Day is considered a memorable date for the whole country, so students' day should be celebrated in January.
- How was this day celebrated?
For what reason did the holiday begin to be called "Tatiana's Day"?
It has already been said above that the student's day has been officially celebrated since 1755, when the empress issued her written decree on the opening of the first university. According to history, the opening of the university took place at the moment of the anniversary of the coronation of Elizabeth the first, it was a great event for the country, so the opening day of the university for the first thirty-five years was celebrated exactly on the twenty-sixth day in the month of January.
But when Nikolai the first came to power, the situation changed a bit, already in 1791 the new ruler issued a decree that now it would be celebrated not the opening day of the university, but the day when Catherine the first issued this decree, and it turned out that the 25th became significant for the country. Thus, the new ruler was able to establish a decree that made the student's day officially a holiday, but later it turned out that January 25 coincides with church holiday, in which prayers are read in memory of St. Tatiana.
In the same year, Nicholas was the first to order to build at the country's university Orthodox church, which could be attended by all students studying at the institution. This temple was lit by the name of the great Tatiana, since then every student is considered to be protected from bad things by Saint Tatiana, since she remains the protector and patroness of all students to this day.
As you know, the history of this university and the temple often changed under it, for example, when the revolution took place in 1917, the Bolsheviks completely denied the existence of faith and religion, for this reason the temple was closed, but it was not destroyed. So that this church building would not remain empty, the teachers created a club out of it, where ordinary people could communicate in their free time, back in 1958, a student theater was located on the site of the temple, it worked until 1994, after which it was closed. Many great actors were able to get their success and popularity in the theater at the university, located in Moscow. But in 1995, finally, the premises of the temple were returned to the possession Orthodox Church, then began the restoration work of the premises.
How was this day celebrated?
It is customary to celebrate Student's Day in our time on a grand scale, and even earlier young people had no less fun on January 25, of course, for the first few years this holiday did not cause much enthusiasm either among teachers or among the students themselves, most often this celebration could be celebrated with a small feast and finish this. At the same time, a certain tradition was observed every year, it said that it was necessary to establish a prayer service in the church on this day.
But in the sixties of the nineteenth century, they began to divide it into an official and no longer official part, taking place in the evening. The first included an open visit to the educational institution by those students who just want to enter, and the rector of the educational institution always made a speech to the students. Then all students and teachers had to visit the temple at the university, and after that a festive dinner was arranged for the professors, which was served in the dining room of the educational institution. But when the official part was over, very entertaining events began to occur.
Then the students themselves began to celebrate, they gathered in small groups, and then went for a walk along the night streets of Moscow, of course, young people celebrated with alcoholic drinks and sang songs all over the street. Especially often students on January 25 could be seen in the evening on the main square of Moscow, while Nikitsky and Tverskoy boulevards remained no less popular. Wealthier students were given the opportunity to celebrate this day in one of the restaurants in the city, on this very day very attractive discounts were made for students, and students could also take the whole hall of this institution for the celebration.
There is such a legend that before the onset of the 25th, in establishments and expensive restaurants, the owners eliminated all expensive and valuable things, and changed sofas and good tables for cheaper furniture options. The simplest restaurants could replace the expensive decorations of the hall with benches and chairs made of cheap wood, while the carpets were completely replaced with simple sawdust, which were laid out on the floor in a thick layer. The kitchen stopped working that evening, so students could only be content with cold snacks left in the bar, as well as beer and inexpensive types of wine.
Even A.P. Chekhov described Tatyana's Day in his works, he said that students celebrated with what they could find, so even the cheapest alcohol sold out in the shortest possible time. In those days, the city police tried to deliver already pretty drunk students to their homes, and so that students would not get lost in such a pretty drunk state, some porters specially wrote addresses with chalk on their backs where the student could be delivered.
Already in those days, this holiday was very fond of not only young people, but also teachers, most likely this happened for the reason that class differences were a little erased. The rich could celebrate with the poor, the students could celebrate the student's day at the same table with the professors. It is worth saying that this event could bring together not only students and teachers, even former professors and students could all have fun together in the company of their friends.
When Soviet power came to our country, the laws began to change, the changes immediately affected January 25, at first the authorities simply temporarily suspended this holiday, and a little later they generally forbade celebrating the student's day in this way, as they considered magnificent festivities inappropriate. For a long time in the USSR there were no holidays at all that were important for students, only in 1992 it was decided to recognize this historical day as the official solemn birthday of Moscow State University, so the university was preparing for this celebration quite actively. A little later, all the higher institutions in which students studied returned to the celebration of this day.
Most often, by this holiday, all sessions for students are completed, for this reason, all students can safely celebrate their legitimate holiday, it is on the 25th that universities hold public awards for students for various achievements in different degrees of education, and entertainment programs can also be arranged, including KVN and balls in honor of Tatyana's day. This day is a national event, and in addition, the world celebrates the international day of the student, this celebration falls on the seventeenth of November.
What traditions do students honor on this significant day?
This holiday has existed for quite a long time, so students have their own rituals for this event. For example, many people say that if you climb a tall building in the city on Tatiana's day, and then make a wish looking at the sun, then it will certainly come true. It is also customary on the night of this holiday to shout “come freebie” and wave a record book in the window, some people draw an ordinary village house on the crust of the record book, a pipe is painted on it, from which smoke should come out, according to legend, this helps in studies.
It has long been customary in our tradition that we love to gather with family and friends to celebrate something. After all the New Year holidays, Tatyana's Day and the Day of Russian Students are knocking on the door - cool congratulations see the material that was published earlier. In this article we will deal with the dates when in Ukraine and Russia.
Tatyana's Day, or the Day of Russian Students, which is often confused with the International Student's Day, is a holiday in folk calendar Eastern Slavs and a memorable date in Russia. This date is established in memory of the martyr Tatiana of Rome. In 1755, Empress Elizaveta Petrovna signed a decree on the establishment of Moscow University.
After this event, the holiday on January 25 Tatyana's Day in Russia and Ukraine also began to be considered a symbol of the birth of the university, and a little later, the Student's Day. Recall that in Ukraine the official Student's Day is celebrated on November 17, which is also considered the International Student's Day. But Ukrainian students seem to love to party so much that they enjoy a year.
If you are interested in when Tatyana's Day is celebrated in 2017, focus more on the Slavic tradition of celebrating, where they honor the memory of the early Christian martyr who was tortured for her faith under Emperor Alexander in the 3rd century. Now Saint Tatiana is the intercessor and patroness of all Tatianas.
READ ALSO - Day of Tatiana and students: history and traditions
Officially January 25, 2017 all. Divine services are held in churches in honor of the martyr Tatiana, candles are lit for academic success in honor of the celebration of Student's Day, which also falls on January 25, 2017. This day is a great occasion to show.
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We know other names of the holidays on January 25, 2017 in Slavic tradition: Babiy kut, Sunny, Tatiana, Tatiana Kreshchenskaya. On Tatyana's Day, January 25, the girls tried to lure suitors with the help of tricks. To do this, they spread a special mat at the door of the house. Whoever wipes his feet on this rug on a holiday will be a frequent guest in the girl's house.
wonderful holiday Tatyana's Day in our country, not only women named Tatyana celebrate. This cheerful and completely devoid of official solemnity day has long been considered a holiday of student youth.
Where did the tradition of celebrating Tatyana's Day come from and how it should be celebrated - you will learn about this and much more by reading this article.
What is the essence of Tatyana's Day?
The day of the Holy Great Martyr Tatyana (Tatiana) is celebrated by the Christian Orthodox Church in honor of the daughter of the Roman consul, who suffered many torments for her faith and was executed, but did not renounce Christ.
In her honor, for many centuries, girls born on this day were called Tatyana, hoping for the heavenly patronage of the saint.
But the magnificent celebration of Tatyana's Day began only in 1755, when, by decree of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, the first Moscow University in Russia was established. Since then, Tatyana's Day has been considered a holiday for Russian students.
It was celebrated every year with great pomp: a solemn prayer service was held in the university church, at which all students were present, then student choirs performed, glorifying their patroness Tatiana. The most successful students in their studies were awarded awards, speeches were made.
But the most fun part of the holiday was in the evening, when mass festivities began.
Tatyana's day in 2018, what date, when, holiday script
When is Tatyana's Day celebrated?
The day of the Holy Great Martyr Tatiana falls on January 12, according to the old style. Today we celebrate this holiday on January 25th. In the history of the Orthodox Church there are several saints named Tatyana.
In addition to Tatiana of Rome, believers honor the memory of Tatyana Romanova, the daughter of the last Russian tsar, who was killed in 1918, as well as several other holy martyrs who bore the same name. However, Tatyana's Day, which has received nationwide fame, is considered to be a student holiday, which is celebrated at the end of January.
Interestingly, the signing of the decree of Empress Elizabeth on the establishment of Moscow University was timed to coincide with the name day of the mother of her favorite, Count Shuvalov, who bore the name Tatyana. As the story goes, the respectful son greatly pleased his mother with his appointment as curator of the first Russian university, symbolically giving her an educational institution as a gift for her name day.
How should Tatyana's day be celebrated?
Tatyana's Day is one of the favorite youth holidays, full of reckless fun and valiant prowess. In no case should you celebrate it at home - an inexpensive student cafe or a dorm room is perfect for a party.
The feast menu should not be complicated, dishes that can be quickly prepared without culinary experience and large financial expenses are best suited. In the old days, black bread, herring, sauerkraut and boiled meat, from drinks - fruit drink and kvass.
The first half of the day is reserved for the official part - congratulations to students and professors, solemn speeches and, of course, a prayer service to the Great Martyr Tatiana - the patroness of students. Well, then comes the turn of fun, which continues until late.
On this day, every student considers it his duty to celebrate with all his might, with all his heart, and the police do not detain even students who are too wild.
What are the traditions for this holiday?
Traditionally, on Tatiana's Day, old venerable professors are equalized in rights with students. During a joint feast, heated debates are held, and students can say whatever they want, without looking back at the academic title and high position of the opponent.
Everyone sits at the table interspersed - current and former students, officials, journalists, etc. As a rule, Tatyana's day coincides at the end of the session, and students who do not have "tails" also celebrate the successful passing of exams.
Modern students have several signs associated with this day. If the session is not over yet, and the next day there is an exam, you need to take a good walk the day before, and then the most severe teacher will be condescending. But if you devote Tatyana's day to cramming - consider the exam failed.
Anyone who wants to pass all future sessions without problems should open the window at exactly midnight on Tatyana’s day, put a record book out on the street and shout three times: “Shara, come!”, Then listen.
If the answer is: “I’ll come now, go put the kettle on” - it means that luck awaits at the sessions until graduation.
The history of the emergence and development of the student holiday is closely connected with the Moscow State University - on January 25, in 1755, the Russian Empress Elizabeth I signed a decree on the founding of the first domestic university - Moscow. AT modern history Tatyana's Day is called the "Day of Russian Students" and is a national holiday on the basis of a presidential decree issued on January 25, 2005. In 2007, President V.V. Putin signed the federal law, in accordance with which the Day of Russian Students was added to the honorary list of memorable dates in Russia.
Why is the holiday called Tatyana's Day?
As already mentioned, the basis for the student holiday was the signing of the imperial decree of 1755 on the founding of the University. Both the project of the University and the idea of its creation belong to Mikhail Lomonosov and Count Ivan Shuvalov, since they understood in the best way how great importance has the emergence of a scientific organization of this kind for Russia and the development of science in it. The official opening of the University was carried out only in April 1755, on the 26th - on the day dedicated to the anniversary of the coronation of Elizabeth I. Therefore, for the next 35 years, this day was supposed to be the founding day of Moscow University.
But the next Russian Emperor Nicholas I in 1791 issued a decree ordering to celebrate not the day of the official opening of the university, but the day the decree on its creation was issued, that is, January 25th. So, at the behest of the emperor, the first official student holiday appeared, coinciding with the day of memory of St. Tatiana. In 1791, an Orthodox church was built at the University, which was consecrated in the name of the holy martyr Tatyana (Tatiana). Since then, Saint Tatiana has been considered the patroness and protector of students and teachers.
Interestingly, after the revolution of 1917, due to the denial and rejection of any religions, the temple was closed by the Bolsheviks. In order to keep the temple premises from being empty, a club was organized in it - a place for people to gather and communicate in their free time from building communism. Between 1958 and 1994 within the walls former temple the student theater of Moscow State University was located, from the walls of which many famous actors came out, among them Mark Zakharov, Roman Viktyuk, Iya Savvina, Valdis Pelsh, Alexei Kortnev and others. And only in January 1995 historical justice triumphed and the building was returned to the Orthodox Church.
History of the celebration
In the first years after January 25 was approved as a holiday date, no particularly magnificent festivities were celebrated. Usually, the holiday was celebrated with modest feasts. An obligatory item of the festive program was a prayer service in the university church. But around the 60s of the 19th century, the celebration of Tatyana's Day was conditionally divided into an official part and an unofficial one. The program of official events usually included the following: holding an open day at the University; solemn speech of the rector of the University; visiting the university church; festive dinner in the university cafeteria for professors. At the end of the official celebrations, the most entertaining began! Students, united in small groups, went to wander the streets of Moscow until late at night, drank alcohol, bawled songs. Favorite places of mass gatherings of celebrating students were Nikitsky and Tverskoy boulevards, Moscow squares.
Sometimes students managed to celebrate their holiday, which is called "in a big way" - from time to time, some restaurants in the city kindly provided students with their halls for the celebration. There is a legend that on the eve of the holiday, expensive furniture was taken out of restaurants, and the rich interior decoration was replaced by cheap and unsightly - simple tables, benches were placed, cheap pottery was taken out of restaurant pantries. Restaurant carpets were replaced with a thick layer of sawdust. As a rule, restaurant kitchens did not work on January 25th. At the disposal of the students were only buffets with cold snacks, vodka, beer and cheap wine.
A.P. Chekhov, once describing the celebration of Tatyana's Day, said that this year they drank everything they could find. They could even drink the Moscow River, but, fortunately, it froze over. There was even such a tradition when restaurant porters on the backs of drunken students wrote with chalk the addresses of their delivery, in case they themselves could not get home. And the city police in every possible way contributed to the speedy delivery of drunken students to their homes.
It is believed that the celebration of Tatyana's Day was so fond of students and their teachers, because class and social differences between people disappeared on this day - the rich triumphed along with the poor, teachers had fun with their students. Youth, freedom, student life, lightness and fun of life united not only teachers - professors and students, but also former graduates of the university: doctors, officials, journalists, industrialists, lawyers, businessmen and all others who had anything to do with students and his daily life.
During the formation of Soviet power, Tatyana's Day was renamed the "Day of the Proletarian Students", and magnificent festivities in honor of the holiday were first suspended, and then completely banned due to inappropriateness. For a long time there were no official student holidays in the USSR. It was only in 1992 that the tradition of celebrating the birthday of Moscow State University and holding various celebrations in honor of the historical student holiday was revived. And gradually, within a fairly short time, the students of all higher educational institutions of the Russian Federation and the countries of the former CIS joined the celebration of Tatyana's Day on January 25.
Usually, by this day, the session ends in almost all universities, so most students can celebrate their legitimate holiday with peace of mind. As a rule, solemn awards of students for achievements in science, sports and culture are appointed on this day, concerts, performances, KVNs, flash mobs, balls and other cultural events are held.
I must say that Tatyana's Day is a national holiday that has historical heritage and cultural significance. However, there is also an international student holiday, celebrated in the world on November 17th. It also arose in the course of historical events and is closely connected with the course of the Second World War.
Signs and superstitious traditions on Tatyana's day
Of course, during the long existence of Russian students, student rituals, superstitions and traditions could not but appear. So, it is with Tatyana's day that the following rituals are associated, predicting a happy course of student affairs:
1. On January 25, you need to climb to the highest place in the city and, looking at the sun, make a wish - 100% will come true, time-tested and thousands of other students!
2. Summon Freebies or Balls. To observe the ritual on January 25, you need to go out onto the balcony, porch or lean out the window and, waving your grade book, call Freebie at the top of your voice “Freebie, come!”. It is believed that if one of the strangers shouts back “On the way!” - that is a very good sign for a student.
3. Drawing in the grade book on Tatiana's Day is also a long tradition. On the last page it is customary to draw a village house and the smoke coming from the chimney of this house. The longer the smoke turns out, the easier it will be for the student to study all year, until the next Tatyana's day.
Few people know that the symbol of students - Tatyana's Day - is actually a big religious holiday. On this day, you can not only honor the memory of St. Tatiana, but also direct your life in a new direction. To do this, you need to know the traditions of the holiday and, to the best of your ability, observe them.
Tatiana's Day became a holiday for students, since its date coincided with the grand opening of Moscow University. Initially, January 25 was a kind of birthday of the capital's educational institution, and subsequently spread throughout the country.
Tatyana's Day has Christian roots: on this day, Orthodox throughout the country honor St. Tatiana of Rome, the patroness of knowledge and truth. According to legend, the idols of Roman false gods crumbled to dust from her words. Tatiana was executed by cutting off her head, but she remained in the legends and memory of believers.
Traditions and signs of Tatyana's day
It has long been customary to bake loaves of bread in the form of the sun on Tatyana's day. After January 25, the day begins to gradually arrive, and the “sunny” loaf symbolizes the expectation of spring. The bread baked on this day is associated with several folk signs:
- bread rose like a mountain in the middle - this year things will go “uphill”;
- perfectly flat loaf surface - for a calm and measured year;
- burnt loaf - to cardinal changes in fate;
- cracked bread is a bad sign.
On Tatyana's day, girls and boys beat rugs, competing to see who could do it faster and cleaner. It was believed that the winner would be "the master of the house." In the course of joint work, young people looked at each other, and after Tatyana's day, mass matchmaking began.
Another tradition of this day was a kind of "love spell" on the guy she liked: the girl made a whisk from dry herbs, twigs and rags and hid it in the house of a potential groom. The future mother-in-law had to find a panicle: it was believed that if she did not succeed, then there would be a wedding.
Another tradition of Tatyana's Day on January 25 is to make a wish at sunrise. It is believed that if you meet a heavenly body, bow to it and ask for the fulfillment of a dream, then any wish will come true. We wish you a happy and warm Tatyana's day in 2017. Smile more often and don't forget to press the buttons and
17.01.2017 06:23
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